各平台vps快速搭建shadowsocks及优化总结
本文主要列举了几种vps(OpenVZ、Xen、KVM)一键搭建shadowsocks服务端,优化TCP,优化内核中的拥塞算法以提升shadowsocks效率和速度的方法.
一键安装
一键安装脚本这里参照的是”秋水逸冰”的博文及脚本,出于低内存占用考虑,均为shadowsocks-libev.这里以操作系统的版本为分类进行阐述:
Debian或Ubuntu下:
安装方法:1
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3wget --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/teddysun/shadowsocks_install/master/shadowsocks-libev-debian.sh
chmod +x shadowsocks-libev-debian.sh
./shadowsocks-libev-debian.sh 2>&1 | tee shadowsocks-libev-debian.log
脚本备份(点击展开):1
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PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
#===============================================================================================
# System Required: Debian or Ubuntu (32bit/64bit)
# Description: Install Shadowsocks(libev) for Debian or Ubuntu
# Author: Teddysun <[email protected]>
# Intro: http://teddysun.com/358.html
#===============================================================================================
clear
echo "#############################################################"
echo "# Install Shadowsocks(libev) for Debian or Ubuntu (32bit/64bit)"
echo "# Intro: http://teddysun.com/358.html"
echo "#"
echo "# Author: Teddysun <[email protected]>"
echo "#"
echo "#############################################################"
echo ""
# Install Shadowsocks-libev
function install_shadowsocks_libev(){
rootness
disable_selinux
pre_install
download_files
config_shadowsocks
install
}
# Make sure only root can run our script
function rootness(){
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
echo "Error:This script must be run as root!" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
}
# Disable selinux
function disable_selinux(){
if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ] && grep 'SELINUX=enforcing' /etc/selinux/config; then
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
fi
}
# Pre-installation settings
function pre_install(){
#Set shadowsocks-libev config password
echo "Please input password for shadowsocks-libev:"
read -p "(Default password: teddysun.com):" shadowsockspwd
if [ "$shadowsockspwd" = "" ]; then
shadowsockspwd="teddysun.com"
fi
echo "password:$shadowsockspwd"
echo "####################################"
get_char(){
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -echo
stty cbreak
dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo ""
echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+C to cancel"
char=`get_char`
#Install necessary dependencies
apt-get install -y wget unzip curl build-essential autoconf libtool libssl-dev
# Get IP address
echo "Getting Public IP address, Please wait a moment..."
IP=`curl -s checkip.dyndns.com | cut -d' ' -f 6 | cut -d'<' -f 1`
if [ -z $IP ]; then
IP=`curl -s ifconfig.me/ip`
fi
#Current folder
cur_dir=`pwd`
cd $cur_dir
}
# Download latest shadowsocks-libev
function download_files(){
if [ -f shadowsocks-libev.zip ];then
echo "shadowsocks-libev.zip [found]"
else
if ! wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/madeye/shadowsocks-libev/archive/master.zip -O shadowsocks-libev.zip;then
echo "Failed to download shadowsocks-libev.zip"
exit 1
fi
fi
unzip shadowsocks-libev.zip
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
cd $cur_dir/shadowsocks-libev-master/
else
echo ""
echo "Unzip shadowsocks-libev failed! Please visit http://teddysun.com/358.html and contact."
exit 1
fi
}
# Config shadowsocks
function config_shadowsocks(){
if [ ! -d /etc/shadowsocks ];then
mkdir /etc/shadowsocks
fi
cat > /etc/shadowsocks/config.json<<-EOF
{
"server":"${IP}",
"server_port":8989,
"local_address":"127.0.0.1",
"local_port":1080,
"password":"${shadowsockspwd}",
"timeout":600,
"method":"aes-256-cfb"
}
EOF
}
# Install
function install(){
# Build and Install shadowsocks-libev
if [ -s /usr/local/bin/ss-server ];then
echo "shadowsocks-libev has been installed!"
exit 0
else
./configure
make && make install
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# Add run on system start up
cat /etc/rc.local | grep 'ss-server' > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
cp -rpf /etc/rc.local /opt/rc.local_bak
col=`awk 'END{print NR}' /etc/rc.local`
sed -i ''"$col"'i nohup /usr/local/bin/ss-server -c /etc/shadowsocks/config.json > /dev/null 2>&1 &' /etc/rc.local
fi
# Run shadowsocks in the background
nohup /usr/local/bin/ss-server -c /etc/shadowsocks/config.json > /dev/null 2>&1 &
# Run success or not
ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -v ps | grep -i '/usr/local/bin/ss-server' > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Shadowsocks-libev start success!"
else
echo "Shadowsocks-libev start failure!"
fi
else
echo ""
echo "Shadowsocks-libev install failed! Please visit http://teddysun.com/358.html and contact."
exit 1
fi
fi
cd $cur_dir
# Delete shadowsocks-libev floder
rm -rf $cur_dir/shadowsocks-libev-master/
# Delete shadowsocks-libev zip file
rm -f shadowsocks-libev.zip
clear
echo ""
echo "Congratulations, shadowsocks-libev install completed!"
echo -e "Your Server IP: \033[41;37m ${IP} \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Server Port: \033[41;37m 8989 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Password: \033[41;37m ${shadowsockspwd} \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Local IP: \033[41;37m 127.0.0.1 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Local Port: \033[41;37m 1080 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Encryption Method: \033[41;37m aes-256-cfb \033[0m"
echo ""
echo "Welcome to visit:http://teddysun.com/358.html"
echo "Enjoy it!"
echo ""
}
# Uninstall Shadowsocks-libev
function uninstall_shadowsocks_libev(){
printf "Are you sure uninstall Shadowsocks-libev? (y/n) "
printf "\n"
read -p "(Default: n):" answer
if [ -z $answer ]; then
answer="n"
fi
if [ "$answer" = "y" ]; then
NODE_PID=`ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -v ps | grep -i '/usr/local/bin/ss-server' | awk '{print $2}'`
if [ ! -z $NODE_PID ]; then
for pid in $NODE_PID
do
kill -9 $pid
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Shadowsocks-libev process[$pid] has been killed"
fi
done
fi
# restore /etc/rc.local
if [[ -s /opt/rc.local_bak ]]; then
rm -f /etc/rc.local
mv /opt/rc.local_bak /etc/rc.local
fi
# delete config file
rm -rf /etc/shadowsocks
# delete shadowsocks
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-local
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-tunnel
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-server
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-redir
rm -f /usr/local/share/man/man8/shadowsocks.8
echo "Shadowsocks-libev uninstall success!"
else
echo "uninstall cancelled, Nothing to do"
fi
}
# Initialization step
action=$1
[ -z $1 ] && action=install
case "$action" in
install)
install_shadowsocks_libev
;;
uninstall)
uninstall_shadowsocks_libev
;;
*)
echo "Arguments error! [${action} ]"
echo "Usage: `basename $0` {install|uninstall}"
;;
esac
卸载方法:1
./shadowsocks-libev.sh uninstall
配置文件路径:
/etc/shadowsocks/config.json
启动(安装完成后已设置开机自启动):1
nohup /usr/local/bin/ss-server -c /etc/shadowsocks/config.json > /dev/null 2>&1 &
停止:1
ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -v ps | grep -i '/usr/local/bin/ss-server' | awk '{print $2}'
上面的命令获得一个数字(pid),然后再使用kill+空格+这个数字 即可.
CentOS下:
安装方法:1
2
3wget --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/teddysun/shadowsocks_install/master/shadowsocks-libev.sh
chmod +x shadowsocks-libev.sh
./shadowsocks-libev.sh 2>&1 | tee shadowsocks-libev.log
脚本备份(点击展开):1
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PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin
export PATH
#===============================================================================================
# System Required: CentOS6.x (32bit/64bit)
# Description: Install Shadowsocks(libev) for CentOS
# Author: Teddysun <[email protected]>
# Intro: http://teddysun.com/357.html
#===============================================================================================
clear
echo "#############################################################"
echo "# Install Shadowsocks(libev) for CentOS6.x (32bit/64bit)"
echo "# Intro: http://teddysun.com/357.html"
echo "#"
echo "# Author: Teddysun <[email protected]>"
echo "#"
echo "#############################################################"
echo ""
# Install Shadowsocks-libev
function install_shadowsocks_libev(){
rootness
disable_selinux
pre_install
download_files
config_shadowsocks
iptables_set
install
}
# Make sure only root can run our script
function rootness(){
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
echo "Error:This script must be run as root!" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
}
# Disable selinux
function disable_selinux(){
if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ] && grep 'SELINUX=enforcing' /etc/selinux/config; then
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
fi
}
# Pre-installation settings
function pre_install(){
#Set shadowsocks-libev config password
echo "Please input password for shadowsocks-libev:"
read -p "(Default password: teddysun.com):" shadowsockspwd
if [ "$shadowsockspwd" = "" ]; then
shadowsockspwd="teddysun.com"
fi
echo "password:$shadowsockspwd"
echo "####################################"
get_char(){
SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
stty -echo
stty cbreak
dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
stty -raw
stty echo
stty $SAVEDSTTY
}
echo ""
echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+C to cancel"
char=`get_char`
#Install necessary dependencies
yum install -y wget unzip openssl-devel gcc swig python python-devel python-setuptools autoconf libtool libevent
yum install -y automake make curl curl-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel perl perl-devel cpio expat-devel gettext-devel
# Get IP address
echo "Getting Public IP address, Please wait a moment..."
IP=`curl -s checkip.dyndns.com | cut -d' ' -f 6 | cut -d'<' -f 1`
if [ -z $IP ]; then
IP=`curl -s ifconfig.me/ip`
fi
#Current folder
cur_dir=`pwd`
cd $cur_dir
}
# Download latest shadowsocks-libev
function download_files(){
if [ -f shadowsocks-libev.zip ];then
echo "shadowsocks-libev.zip [found]"
else
if ! wget --no-check-certificate https://github.com/madeye/shadowsocks-libev/archive/master.zip -O shadowsocks-libev.zip;then
echo "Failed to download shadowsocks-libev.zip"
exit 1
fi
fi
unzip shadowsocks-libev.zip
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
cd $cur_dir/shadowsocks-libev-master/
else
echo ""
echo "Unzip shadowsocks-libev failed! Please visit http://teddysun.com/357.html and contact."
exit 1
fi
# Download start script
if ! wget --no-check-certificate https://raw.githubusercontent.com/teddysun/shadowsocks_install/master/shadowsocks-libev; then
echo "Failed to download shadowsocks-libev start script!"
exit 1
fi
}
# Config shadowsocks
function config_shadowsocks(){
if [ ! -d /etc/shadowsocks-libev ];then
mkdir /etc/shadowsocks-libev
fi
cat > /etc/shadowsocks-libev/config.json<<-EOF
{
"server":"${IP}",
"server_port":8989,
"local_address":"127.0.0.1",
"local_port":1080,
"password":"${shadowsockspwd}",
"timeout":600,
"method":"aes-256-cfb"
}
EOF
}
# iptables set
function iptables_set(){
/sbin/service iptables status 1>/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
/etc/init.d/iptables status | grep '8989' | grep 'ACCEPT' >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8989 -j ACCEPT
/etc/init.d/iptables save
/etc/init.d/iptables restart
fi
fi
}
# Install
function install(){
# Build and Install shadowsocks-libev
if [ -s /usr/local/bin/ss-server ];then
echo "shadowsocks-libev has been installed!"
exit 0
else
./configure
make && make install
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
mv $cur_dir/shadowsocks-libev-master/shadowsocks-libev /etc/init.d/shadowsocks
chmod +x /etc/init.d/shadowsocks
# Add run on system start up
chkconfig --add shadowsocks
chkconfig shadowsocks on
# Start shadowsocks
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks start
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Shadowsocks-libev start success!"
else
echo "Shadowsocks-libev start failure!"
fi
else
echo ""
echo "Shadowsocks-libev install failed! Please visit http://teddysun.com/357.html and contact."
exit 1
fi
fi
cd $cur_dir
# Delete shadowsocks-libev floder
rm -rf $cur_dir/shadowsocks-libev-master/
# Delete shadowsocks-libev zip file
rm -f shadowsocks-libev.zip
clear
echo ""
echo "Congratulations, shadowsocks-libev install completed!"
echo -e "Your Server IP: \033[41;37m ${IP} \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Server Port: \033[41;37m 8989 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Password: \033[41;37m ${shadowsockspwd} \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Local IP: \033[41;37m 127.0.0.1 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Local Port: \033[41;37m 1080 \033[0m"
echo -e "Your Encryption Method: \033[41;37m aes-256-cfb \033[0m"
echo ""
echo "Welcome to visit:http://teddysun.com/357.html"
echo "Enjoy it!"
echo ""
}
# Uninstall Shadowsocks-libev
function uninstall_shadowsocks_libev(){
printf "Are you sure uninstall shadowsocks_libev? (y/n) "
printf "\n"
read -p "(Default: n):" answer
if [ -z $answer ]; then
answer="n"
fi
if [ "$answer" = "y" ]; then
ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep -v ps | grep -i "ss-server" > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks stop
fi
chkconfig --del shadowsocks
# delete config file
rm -rf /etc/shadowsocks-libev
# delete shadowsocks
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-local
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-tunnel
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-server
rm -f /usr/local/bin/ss-redir
rm -f /usr/local/share/man/man8/shadowsocks.8
rm -f /etc/init.d/shadowsocks
echo "Shadowsocks-libev uninstall success!"
else
echo "uninstall cancelled, Nothing to do"
fi
}
# Initialization step
action=$1
[ -z $1 ] && action=install
case "$action" in
install)
install_shadowsocks_libev
;;
uninstall)
uninstall_shadowsocks_libev
;;
*)
echo "Arguments error! [${action} ]"
echo "Usage: `basename $0` {install|uninstall}"
;;
esac
卸载方法:1
./shadowsocks-libev.sh uninstall
配置文件路径:1
/etc/shadowsocks-libev/config.json
常用指令:1
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8#启动:
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks start
#停止:
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks stop
#重启:
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks restart
#查看状态:
/etc/init.d/shadowsocks status
TCP性能优化:
这里参照北落师门的方案,按VPS的技术类型对Xen、KVM和OpenVZ分开阐述:
Xen、KVM:
修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件,增加以下项目:1
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31fs.file-max = 51200
#提高整个系统的文件限制
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
#表示开启SYN Cookies。当出现SYN等待队列溢出时，启用cookies来处理，可防范少量SYN攻击，默认为0，表示关闭；
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
#表示开启重用。允许将TIME-WAIT sockets重新用于新的TCP连接，默认为0，表示关闭；
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
#表示开启TCP连接中TIME-WAIT sockets的快速回收，默认为0，表示关闭；
#为了对NAT设备更友好，建议设置为0。
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#修改系統默认的 TIMEOUT 时间。
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
#表示当keepalive起用的时候，TCP发送keepalive消息的频度。缺省是2小时，改为20分钟。
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 10000 65000 #表示用于向外连接的端口范围。缺省情况下很小：32768到61000，改为10000到65000。（注意：这里不要将最低值设的太低，否则可能会占用掉正常的端口！）
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
#表示SYN队列的长度，默认为1024，加大队列长度为8192，可以容纳更多等待连接的网络连接数。
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
#表示系统同时保持TIME_WAIT的最大数量，如果超过这个数字，TIME_WAIT将立刻被清除并打印警告信息。
#额外的，对于内核版本新于**3.7.1**的，我们可以开启tcp_fastopen：
net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3
# increase TCP max buffer size settable using setsockopt()
net.core.rmem_max = 67108864
net.core.wmem_max = 67108864
# increase Linux autotuning TCP buffer limit
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 67108864
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 67108864
# increase the length of the processor input queue
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 250000
# recommended for hosts with jumbo frames enabled
net.ipv4.tcp_mtu_probing=1
保存并退出该文件,然后使用以下指令使配置生效:1
sysctl -p
如果显示出了生效信息且没有显示出错信息,则优化完成.
OpenVZ:
对于OpenVZ,如果直接使用以上方法修改,当sysctl -p会发现一堆的permission denied出错信息.
谷歌了下,据说是因为OpenVZ模版的限制比较多直接修改sysctl会被拒绝，(网上有部分文章有关于openvz去除sysctl.conf报错的文章,其实只是自我安慰的疗法)因此以上优化方案在OpenVZ下不可用.
使用锐速对ss进行显著提速
详情请见本人的另外一篇文章:更换Linux内核优化锐速,为shadowsocks和IkeV2加速
优化拥塞算法Hybla :
这部分参照了V2EX上的tcp_hybla 编译内核模块的教程.
这一步本人在Linode上实验成功.(Linode是Xen的),系统为Ubuntu,其他系统没有尝试.当然据说Digital Ocean (DO是KVM模板)上的ubuntu官方内核自带了,可略去编译部分,直接调用hybla算法.(补充:经本人测试,Digital Ocan上,直接在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入hybla参数就可以直接调用了.如果你是Digital Ocan的话,恭喜你,直接跳到下面方法的第九步)
由于本人对此部分了解有限,完全是照着原文操作成功的,现转载此部分内容,以作备用:
查看你的机器内核版本：
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uname -r
显示结果如:3.11.6-x86_64-linode35
去 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.0/ 下载相同版本的源码到任意目录，解压
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4mkdir /root/mykernel
cd /root/mykernel
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.0/linux-3.11.6.tar.gz
tar xzvf linux-3.11.6.tar.gz安装内核编译工具
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apt-get update && apt-get install -y build-essential libncurses5-dev
复制Linode原来的内核编译配置文件到源码根目录，在CONFIG_TCP_CONG_CUBIC=y下面增加一行 CONFIG_TCP_CONG_HYBLA=y，再生成编译模块需要的内核
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3cd linux-3.11.6
zcat /proc/config.gz > .config
vi .config查找CONFIG_TCP_CONG_CUBIC=y，在下面增加一行 CONFIG_TCP_CONG_HYBLA=y，保存
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make
耐心等待编译内核完成，单核编译大约需15分钟，完成后，进入模块所在的目录，编写Makefile
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3cd net/ipv4/
mv Makefile Makefile.old
vi Makefile以下是Makefle的内容，注意要把KDIR修改为你自己的源码路径，其他则照抄就可以了
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6Makefile for tcp_hybla.ko
obj-m := tcp_hybla.o
KDIR := /root/mykernel/linux-3.11.6
PWD := $(shell pwd)
default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) SUBDIRS=$(PWD) modules进入源码根目录，编译模块
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2cd /root/mykernel/linux-3.11.6/
make modules进入到模块所在目录，复制生成的 tcp_hybla.ko 到加载目录，测试加载模块
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3cd /root/mykernel/linux-3.11.6/net/ipv4
cp tcp_hybla.ko /root/mykernel/
cd /root/mykernel/加载前
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3sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control
net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = cubic reno
insmod tcp_hybla.ko加载后
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2sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control
net.ipv4.tcp_available_congestion_control = cubic reno hybla设置hybal为优先
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sysctl net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=hybla
设置开机自动加载模块，把tcp_hybla.ko 复制到 /lib/modules/3.11.6-x86_64-linode35/kernel/net/ipv4
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6cd /lib/modules/3.11.6-x86_64-linode35
mkdir -p kernel/net/ipv4
cd kernel/net/ipv4
cp /root/mykernel/tcp_hybla.ko ./
cd /lib/modules/3.11.6-x86_64-linode35
depmod -a修改/etc/sysctl.conf 开机自动设置hybal为优先
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2vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = hybla保存并退出该文件,然后使用以下指令使配置生效:
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sysctl -p
参考链接:
Debian下shadowsocks-libev一键安装脚本